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Balgangadhar Tilak (450 Words)
Introduction: Bal Gangadhar Tilak was an Indian nationalist, teacher, lawyer, social reformer and freedom fighter. He is also known as Lokmanya Tilak. His real name was Keshav Gangadhar Tilak. He was the 1st leader of the Indian independence movement. The British called him "father of Indian unrest".
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| Picture: Balgangadhar Tilak |
Place of birth and parents: Bal Gangadhar Tilak was born on 23rd July 1856 in Chikhli, a village in Ratnagiri district located in Maharashtra. His father's name was Gangadhar Tilak and mother's name was Parvati Bai Gangadhar.
Education and Teaching: Bal Gangadhar Tilak was one of the 1st Indian generation to get modern college education. After his college education, he taught mathematics in schools and colleges for some time. He was a severe critic of English education, because he believed that English teaches to disrespect/insult to Indian civilization.
Political journey: Bal Gangadhar Tilak was one of the strong advocates during the British rule. He was associated with the Indian National Congress in 1890. He created a close treaty with several leaders of the Indian National Congress, including Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai, Arvind Ghosh and V. O. Chidambaram Pillai. Bal Gangadhar Tilak had joined the Indian National Congress but soon he started speaking against the soft attitude/approach of the Congress. In 1907, the Congress was divided into Garam Dal and Naram Dal. The Garam Dal included Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal and all three were known as Lal-Bal-Pal.
Journalism: Bal Gangadhar Tilak started two daily newspapers named Maratha in English and Kesari in Marathi, which became very popular in public. He used to criticize the policies of the British government, the cruelty of British rule and inferiority to Indian culture through newspapers. He had immediately demanded the British government to give full swaraj to Indians. Due to his articles, he was prosecuted for treason and was kept in Mandalay (Burma) jail under 6 years of rigorous imprisonment.
Freedom Movement: Bal Gangadhar Tilak was one of the first and strongest supporters of Swaraj during the British rule. He wanted to make Indians independent of British misrule. He criticized the policies of the British government. He had to go to jail several times due to criticizing the British government.
Slogan: Bal Gangadhar Tilak's slogan was "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it". This slogan became very famous at that time because this slogan made excitement in the hearts of Indians for India's freedom.
Books: Bal Gangadhar Tilak has written many books and some of the important books are: The Orion, The Arctic Home in the Vedas, Srimadh Bhagavad Gita Rahasya, The Hindu Philosophy of Life, Ethics and Religion, Vedic Chronology and Vedang Jyotish etc.
Death: Bal Gangadhar Tilak died on 1st August 1920 in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
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